The first year of the baby’s life is characterized by the rapid and uneven pace of his mental and physical development of the child: visual, auditory and emotional reactions are being improved. The leading type of activity in this age period is the emotional-effective communication of the baby with an adult. The first and very difficult year of the baby’s life by the beginning of the development of speech and elementary objective activity with surrounding objects ends.
child development at 12 months
The actions of the child with objects become more diverse and coordinated, are targeted in nature.
The end of the first year of life is a turning point in the development of a baby, which is characterized by a transition from infancy to early age. How should the baby develop at 12 months of life (1 year)? This question can be answered not only by the teacher, psychologist or doctor, but also every mother, knowing the main development parameters and conducting elementary diagnostics.
Assessment of visual orientational reactions
At 12 months of life, the baby is able to distinguish objects in shape and color when choosing from two. To identify this ability, plant a child opposite yourself. Take a red ball and a red cube. Put similar toys in front of a child. Then take one of the toys and ask the baby to give you the same.
There may be another research option. Take two balls of the same size, but different in color, for example, red and green. Then present the child one of the toys and ask him to give a similar.
Even a normally developing baby may experience some difficulties in performing this building. Therefore, the first time you can help the child and show how to perform it.
Assessment of emotional behavior
To identify the child’s ability to understand the emotional state of the people around him, as well as to independently show emotional reactions, you need to create special situations. For example, play hide and seek with your baby (you can hide yourself or hide the toy), in catch -ups, games with fingers, with different toys (bunnies, dogs, birds). Express in the process of the game different emotions (joy, sadness). A normally developing baby changes his emotions, shows voice reactions in accordance with the situation and your behavior.
Assessment of the development of general movements
A child at 12 months of life walks on his own. He practically does not need support. To stimulate walking, sit down at some distance from the baby, then call him, show him a bright toy, lure your favorite cookies, etc. D.
Assessment of actions with objects
Lay out toys near the baby (ball, doll, bear, bunny, machine, nesting doll, pyramid, etc.) and watch for 15-20 minutes behind his actions. A normally developing baby is actively included in the subject-game activity with toys: considers them, knocks, licks, shifts from one place to another, etc. D. If the baby does not join the game, take one of the toys and show him what actions can be performed with her. So you will include the child in the game situation.
Assessment of understanding of speech
To exactly be sure that the baby understands the address, you can invite him to perform elementary game actions, for example, give a ball, roll a machine, feed the cat, put the doll to sleep, etc. D. If the baby understands what you tell him, he will fulfill your order – he will perform game actions.
Assessment of active speech
All parents are looking forward to the first words of the baby. To identify the first speech skills of the baby, say several syllables in different combinations, for example, la-la, AB-AB, TOP, OP-OP, BB, PI-Pi, Dai Dai. Then show the baby toy. A normally developing child calls this toy or actions performed with it.